End Child Sexual Abuse
Child sexual abuse (CSA) is one of the worst forms of violence against children, viciously curtailing childhoods and usually resulting in long-term harm.
In India, seven children every hour report a sexual crime against them, and four of them are reporting rape.
In 2022, 97% of child rape and aggravated child rape cases had perpetrators known to their victim.
In 2022, 268,038 CSA cases went to or were pending trial in India. Just 3% resulted in conviction.
As of December 2022, 239,188 CSA cases were pending trial in India's courts.
All of these figures relate to cases which were reported to the police, but child sexual abuse is well-known to be under-reported, usually due to the stigma attached or likely repercussions, particularly given the extremely high likelihood of perpetrators being known to victims.
Child Sexual Abuse in India
In India, a variety of research undertaken in the past two decades suggests that the prevalence of child sexual abuse is disturbingly high, with reports consistently finding around half of children in these studies have endured sexual abuse of some sort. However, it remains a crime dramatically under-reported. Survivors, and their families if they become aware of the crime, are afraid of the stigma attached to sexual crimes and of the community reaction and response once knowledge of the crime becomes public. National crime data figures and research conducted among children demonstrate that the most violent sexual abuse crimes are highly likely to be committed by perpetrators known by the victim - usually family members or friends of the family. The fear of not being believed or of punishment can easily prevent children from speaking out about the crime.
Read Aditi's story
I am Aditi, and I am from West Bengal. I am 16 and I study in Class 11 at school.
Every day on my way to school, a 22 year-old man called Ratan would harass me, and call me names. I would argue back at him, but he didn’t care. One evening on my way home, he attacked me: he grabbed me and forced me into a nearby, isolated mango grove. I shouted at him but he would not listen.
He tried to rape me. Eventually, a neighbor found us and caught Ratan. The neighbor called the police and managed to hand Ratan over to the police. After the incident, I was very shocked. I faced so much pressure and so many social barriers; I was totally emotionally broken down. I felt very shy. I even stopped my schooling. One day, a JRC partner came to my home. They understood why my family and I felt shy, they understood that it was not our fault. I shared my feelings with them and started the counseling process. My counselor called me regularly and gave me the motivation to recover gradually. They contacted my school too so I could return to class, and I passed the Higher Secondary exam with star marks. Now, my case is in court and JRC is fighting for me. I am continuing my studies. I want a bright future, so I can be part of the fight against violence towards women.
Our Strategy
We aim to substantially increase the current national conviction rate of 3%* to put an absolute halt on the impunity around this crime to stop the sexual abuse of children.
Advocate for all planned Fast Track Special Courts, including those focused on dealing with child sexual abuse cases, to become operational, and for a further 1,000 FTSCs to be created to deal with the backlog of CSA cases in India's courts.
Support children to become aware of their rights about their bodies and the crimes of child sexual abuse, to empower them to speak up when they are at risk or have been victims, and to provide them with ways to report the crime safely and without fear.
Ensure every survivor of child sexual abuse has access to protection, legal support, and rehabilitation.
*JRC calculates an ‘overall’ conviction rate using the number of convictions against all cases pending trial in a given year, not just the cases that went to trial, as we believe all children awaiting justice for child sexual abuse crimes should be included.
Our Actions
Legal support to survivors so they feel empowered and safe to report the crimes committed against them and see the legal process through to the end.
Mental health support and interventions, especially counseling, provided as part of every case.
Appointment and training of Support Persons, based on government guidelines, to ensure survivors and their families have access to all their rights under the law.
Training law enforcement to strengthen state mechanisms to ensure time-bound prosecution against crime, identify incidents of abuse, track and monitor cases, provide evidence on suspects for investigation, and effectively protect children.
Sensitizing children and communities to understand their rights about their bodies and the law on child sexual abuse by running awareness activities and campaigns.
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Our Impact
29,025
cases of child sexual abuse supported
1,803
convictions of perpetrators
April 1, 2023 - March 24, 2025
April 1, 2023 - December 31, 2024
The rate of convictions against the total number of cases supported by JRC partners in 2023-2024 is 8.36% - more than double the national rate in 2022.
